Woven multiple-ply fabric



'- (Specimens.) I v u 7 J. BUCKLER.

WOVEN MULTIPLE-FLY FABRIC.

170,574,387. Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

ouvc' (I1) WHITE 0 WHITE 2 BLACK O BLACK Witnesses. Inventor.

v MvQWW I Attorney;

YHI norms PETERS 00 whotaurna, wAsumsrou, D c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES BUCKLER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN OR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO JOHN M. RUSSELL, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOVEN M ULT|PLE PLY FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,387, dated January5, 1897. Application filed November 20, 1895. Serial No. 569/l83.(Speoimena) T aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES BUOKLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in WovenMultiple- Ply Fabrics, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification.

This invention relates to woven multipleply fabrics, having referencemore especially to two-ply ingrain carpet, my object being to produce athoroughly-bound fabric free from pockets or unbound portions betweenthe plies and in which the threads of one ply shall not appear on theface of the other, excepting when such threads are thrown thereto in theformation of a figure; This result is attained by the crossing, in theinterior of the fabric, of the warp-threads of the respective plies, aswill hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my improved woven two-plyfabric, Figure 1 is a diagram showing the binding, by means of a singlewarp, of each opposite ply or face. Fig. 2 is a like view in which thebinding is effected by means of both warps in each ply crossing eachother in alternate succession.

Fig. 3 is a modification in which a supplemental weft-thread isemployed. Fig. d is a diagrammatic sectional View of the fourwarpthreads, and showing also the weft-threads, whereby the dispositionof these threads in the fabric illustrated in the other figures may bemore readily understood.

In the ordinary mode of weaving two-ply fabrics, such as carpets, thepair of figurewefts are mated with the opposite pair of 0 ground-wefts,and owing to the manner in which the warps are usually operated afigureweft always appears upon one face of the fabric, while itsground-weft mate always appears upon the opposite face, and thus thefabric is usually woven with the mate wefts opposite each other, or, inother words, with the pair of figure-wefts side by side on one face orply of the fabric and the groundwefts side by side on the other ply orback of the fabric, the only variation possible being an alternative ofthis order due to what is well known as a shot-about effect. In thisusual mode of weaving two-ply fabrics, and in all other modes, as far asI know, each figure-weft is always bound by a warp-thread 5 5 of its owncolor, the four warps and the four wefts being usually of the samecolors, and the warp-threads are so operated that they directly bindtogether opposite weft-threads, figure-wefts to figure-wefts andground-wefts to ground-wefts, by warp-threads correspond ing thereto inground or figure colors; and this binding is not opposite each pair oreach alternate pair of weft mates, but usually at long intervals,thereby forming pockets or spaces, being the faces of the fabric notbound or united together.

In carrying out my invention in one form thereof the four warp-threadsare so disposed in the weaving that the pair of warp-threads of each plyor face binds only its own pair of weft-threads on each face, one of thebinding or warp threads of one ply crossing the corresponding thread ofthe other ply in the interior of the fabric at points directlyintermediate opposite wefts of the respective plies, thereby effecting auniform binding together of the two plies throughout the length andbreadth of the fabric. A fabric thus constructed is not only free frompockets or unbound portions between the plies, but the threads of oneply do not appear on the face of the opposite ply. Such a fabric isrepresented in Fig. 1 of the drawings, wherein A B represent therespective plies, a a being the warp-threads and a a the weft-threads ofthe upper ply and b b being the warpthreads and b b the weft threads ofthe lower ply.

It will be observed that the warp-threads a and b of the respectiveplies are crossed upon each other in the interior of the fabric with theeffect stated. This is attained by moving the threads at and b laterallyin opposite directions during the weaving of the fabric, one set 5 ofthreads (4 being up and the other, 5, down. The threads at are then letdown below the threads I), whereupon the threads I) are lifted, whichlatter threads thus pass under the threads to, and in consequence thewarp- 10o struction.

threads are crossed. The weft-threads are shot into the succeeding shedsin the usual manner.

A loom designed to handle the threads in the manner just described formsthe subject of an application for Letters Patent of the United Statesfiled by me Februar r 3, 1896, Serial No. 577,856.

111 Fig. 2 is represented a fabric in which the binding is effected bythe crossing of both pairs of opposite warp-threads, one thread of onepair with one thread of the opposite pair, in alternate succession. Thisis attained by moving both pairs a b and a b similarly to the singlepair a b in the first-described con- If it be desired to use anadditional weftthread 0, that is to say, a thread differing in colorfrom the other wefts in the fabric, the same may be run or floatedbetween the crossing or tying points of the opposite warpthreads andthrown to either face of the fabric at any desired point or pointsthereon. (See Fig. 3.)

The invention above described is particularly applicable to plain orunfigured two-ply fabrics with different-colored faces, say one red andthe other green, in view of the fact that the warp of one ply will notappear on the face of the opposite ply, which result, so far as I amaware, has never heretofore been attained.

In the weaving of a figured fabric wherein the warp-threads of therespective plies are crossed and bound together in the manner describedthe figuring-warp of one ply is thrown onto the face of the opposite plyso as to effect the weaving of the desired pattern, but suchfiguring-warp at no other time appears upon the opposite face of thefabric.

llavin g thus described my invention, what I claim as new, Patent, is-

1. A woven multiple-ply fabric wherein the weft-threads of each ply arebound into the fabric by their warp-threads, warp-threads of one plybeing crossed with those of another ply at points directlyintermediateopposite wefts of the respective plies, substantially as described.

2. A multiple-ply fabric wherein the Weftthreads of each ply are boundinto the fabric by their warp-threads, one of the pair of warpthreads ofone ply being tied or bound into the fabric by the crossing thereon ofone of the warp-threads of the opposite ply at points directlyintermediate opposite wefts of the re spective plies, substantially asdescribed.

3. A woven m ultiple-pl y fabric wherein the weft-threads of each plyare bound into the fabric by their warp-threads, the warp-threads of oneply being crossed with those of another ply at points directlyintermediate opposite wefts of the respective plies, and a supple mentalweft-thread run into the fabric, substan tially as described.

4:. A multiple-ply fabric in which the weftthreads of each ply are boundinto the fabric by their warpfihreads, one of the pairbf warpthreads ofone ply being tied or bound into the fabric by the crossing thereon ofone of the warp-threads of the opposite ply or face, and

a supplemental weft-thread run into the fab ric, between the facesthereof, as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed mysignature this 18th dayof November, A. D. 1895.

substantially JAMES B l .OKLER. \Vitnesscs:

T. W. MoCANN, II. T. FENTON.

